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48. What is HOC(Higher Order Component)?

Answer: A Higher Order Component (HOC) is a function that takes a component and returns a new component with enhanced functionality. It is a design pattern that enables us to reuse component logic. The HOC itself is not a component; it is actually a function that returns a new component that wraps the original one.

HOCs are a powerful way to reuse component logic, such as using conditional rendering or applying the same styles across multiple components. For example, you can use a HOC to add authentication to a component, or to add routing capabilities.

An excellent example of when to use HOC is to create a component that fetches data from an API and then renders that data. Rather than repeating the data-fetching logic in multiple components, you can create a HOC that fetches the data and then passes it as a prop to the wrapped component.

In summary, a HOC is a function that takes a component and returns a new component with enhanced functionality. It is a powerful design pattern that enables us to reuse component logic and avoid code duplication.